Why does the machine tool collide?
The causes of tool collision can be roughly divided into the following categories:
1、 Program error
At present, the level of machine tool numerical control is very high. Although the numerical control technology has brought a lot of convenience to machine tool operation, there are also some hidden dangers, such as tool collision caused by programming errors.
There are several cases of tool collision caused by program error:
1) It is the error of parameter setting that causes the error of process acceptance, resulting in tool collision;
2) It is the tool collision caused by the error of program input due to the error of program note;
3) It is a program transmission error.
Simply put, the program is re-entered or has been modified, but the machine still operates according to the old program, resulting in a knife collision.
Knife collision caused by program errors can be avoided from the following aspects:
1) After the program is written, check the program to avoid parameter errors.
2) The procedure sheet shall be updated in time and checked accordingly.
3) Before processing, check the detailed data of the program, such as the time and date of program writing, etc., and confirm that the new program can operate normally before processing.
2、 Improper operation
Tool collision caused by improper operation is one of the important reasons for tool collision. This kind of tool collision caused by human error can be roughly divided into the following categories:
1) Tool measurement error. An error in tool measurement results in a mismatch with the machining, resulting in tool collision.
2) Wrong tool selection. In the process of manually selecting tools, it is easy to take the processing process into consideration, and the selected tools are too long or too short, resulting in tool collision.
3) Hair embryo selection error. The actual processing conditions are not considered when selecting and processing the hair germ. The hair germ is too large or does not conform to the programmed hair germ, resulting in knife collision.
4) Wrong clamping. Improper clamping during machining can also lead to the occurrence of tool collision.
The knife collision caused by the above artificial conditions can be avoided from the following aspects:
1) Select reliable tool measuring instruments and methods.
2) The cutting tool shall be selected after fully considering the machining process and rough embryo.
3) Before processing, select the rough embryo according to the program settings, and check the size, hardness and other data of the rough embryo.
4) The clamping process shall be combined with the actual processing conditions to avoid operating errors.
3、 Other reasons
In addition to the above situations, some other unexpected situations may also lead to tool collision of the machine tool, such as sudden power failure, fault of the machine tool itself or defect of the workpiece material, etc. For such cases, it is necessary to take precautions in advance, such as regular maintenance of machine tools and related facilities, and strict control of the workpiece.