Knowledge of CNC machine tools
CNC machine tool is the product of the combination of information technology and mechanical manufacturing technology, representing the technical level and development trend of modern basic machinery. In recent years, China's CNC machine tool industry has developed rapidly. At present, there are nearly 100 CNC machine tool manufacturers. In order to accelerate the development of China's CNC machine tool industry and better meet the needs of national economic development.
CNC machine tool is the product of the combination of information technology and mechanical manufacturing technology, representing the technical level and development trend of modern basic machinery. In recent years, China's CNC machine tool industry has developed rapidly. At present, there are nearly 100 CNC machine tool manufacturers. In order to accelerate the development of China's CNC machine tool industry and better meet the needs of national economic development, the National Planning Commission and the Ministry of Machinery Industry have listed important basic machinery as one of the four key areas of revitalization in the "Outline for the Revitalization of Machinery Industry" issued by the Ministry of Machinery Industry, and the important basic machinery is mainly the development of CNC machine tools. By 2000, the variety of CNC machine tools had grown to 1000, of which 100 had reached the international level in the early 1990s. The mean time between failures of CNC machine tools and CNC systems has reached 10000 hours, and the annual output has reached 20000 sets. Popularized products are basically based in China.
CNC machine tools have the following obvious features:
1) It is suitable for processing complex and irregular parts.
2) Realize computer control and eliminate human error.
3) Precision compensation and optimal control can be realized through computer software.
4) The machining center, turning center, grinding center and electric machining center have the functions of tool library and tool change, which reduces the number of clamping and improves the machining accuracy.
5) CNC machine tools make machining equipment more flexible. Flexible machining is not only suitable for multi-variety, medium and small batch production, but also suitable for large batch production. It can alternately complete the processing of two or more different parts, adding the function of automatically changing the workpiece, and realizing unattended operation at night. The flexible manufacturing system (FMS) composed of several CNC machine tools (machining centers) has a more flexible automated manufacturing system, including processing, assembly and inspection.
CNC machine tools can be divided into three levels:
1) High-grade CNC machine tool: refers to the multi-axis control for processing complex shapes or the CNC machine tool with centralized processes, high degree of automation and high flexibility.
2) Universal CNC machine tool: It has man-machine conversation function, is widely used, and the price is moderate. It is usually called full-function CNC machine tool.
3) Economical CNC machine tool: simple structure, medium accuracy, but cheap, can only meet the processing of general accuracy requirements, and can process simple straight lines, oblique lines, arcs and threaded parts.