How to effectively reduce the thermal deformation of CNC lathe
The thermal characteristic of CNC lathe is one of the main factors that affect the machining accuracy. Because the spindle speed and feed speed of CNC machine tools are much higher than those of popular machine tools, and the impact of hot cutting with large cutting parameters on the heat conduction of workpieces and machine tool components is much more serious than that of popular machine tools, and the impact of thermal deformation on the machining accuracy is often difficult to modify by the operator. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the method of increasing the influence of thermal deformation of CNC lathes.
Common methods are as follows:
1. Improve the structure and structure design of CNC lathe: for example, for the heat source, adopt the thermal symmetric structure; CNC lathe adopts inclined bed, flat bed and inclined sliding plate structure; Some heavy CNC machine tools adopt thermal balance method due to structural limitations.
2. Grasp the temperature rise: It is a countermeasure to increase the influence of thermal deformation to use heat dissipation, air cooling, liquid cooling and other methods to grasp the temperature rise for parts of the CNC lathe that have a fever (such as the spindle box, hydrostatic guide rail hydraulic oil, etc.) to receive the heat recovered by the heat source.
3. The method of forced cooling is adopted for the cutting part: when cutting with large cutting amount, the amount of hot chips falling on the worktable, bed and other parts is a main heat source. Numerically controlled machine tools, especially in the middle of processing and numerically controlled lathes, widely use multi nozzle and large flow coolant to cool and sweep away these hot chips, and use large capacity cyclic cooling or cooling devices to cool the coolant to master the temperature rise.
4. Thermal displacement compensation: guess the thermal deformation discipline, establish a mathematical model and store it in the computer to stop timely compensation.